Nanocellulose is a fiber aggregate with a diameter of less than 100nm extracted from natural cellulose. According to different preparation processes, nanocellulose can be divided into cellulose nanofibers (CNF), bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and electrospun fibers (ECC). Among them, cellulose nanofibers are mature in technology and are currently the mainstream products in the market, accounting for more than 80%.

Nanocellulose has a wide range of sources, including straw, wood, waste paper, bagasse and so on. Nanocellulose has multiple advantages such as small diameter, high activity, large specific surface area, high transparency, renewable and degradable. It is widely used in wastewater treatment, energy, food, papermaking, electronics, biomedicine, 3D printing and other fields. Under the background of increasingly strict environmental supervision and continuous progress of preparation technology, the development potential of nanocellulose industry is huge.

Global nano-cellulose production capacity is mainly concentrated in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and other regions, among which European and American enterprises with advanced technology, first-mover layout, equipment and other advantages to occupy the main share of high-end nano-cellulose market. Nanocellulose market concentration is high, the world has nanocellulose production capacity of enterprises are less, including Sweden Innventia, the United States Cullu Force, Fiberlean, Borregaard and so on. China's nanocellulose-related research institutions include Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shandong University, etc. In recent years, with the deepening of research, nanocellulose-related research results continue to grow.

Nanocellulose preparation technology is diverse, divided into mechanical method, chemical method, biological method, chemical mechanical method, etc., of which chemical method is divided into enzymatic hydrolysis method, acid hydrolysis method, etc., mechanical method includes ball milling method, high-pressure homogenization method, high-speed stirring method, etc. At present, the global nanocellulose market is still in the early stage of development, due to low yield and difficult preparation, nanocellulose is still far from large-scale application.